Video adapters and cables connect a computer, laptop, games console or streaming device to a monitor, TV or projector. Typical types are HDMI and DisplayPort cables, DVI and VGA connections, and USB-C adapters for laptops with no full-size video port. They suit home offices, gaming desks and meeting rooms.
How to choose a video adapter or cable
Connectors on both ends. Check the video output on the source and the input on the display before anything else. A laptop with USB-C and a monitor with HDMI needs a USB-C to HDMI adapter or cable, while two matching ports need only a standard cable.
Resolution and refresh rate. Cables and adapters are built to a version of their standard, and the version sets the ceiling. Most modern HDMI 2.0 and DisplayPort 1.2 connections handle 4K at 60 Hz, while high refresh rates at 1440p or 4K usually call for DisplayPort 1.4 or HDMI 2.1. Match the version to your screen, not just to the plug shape.
Active or passive adapters. A passive adapter simply rewires signals the source already produces. Some conversions, such as DisplayPort to VGA from certain sources or HDMI to VGA, need an active adapter with a converter chip, and the latter usually needs extra power or a dedicated design because digital and analogue signals differ.
Cable length. Short cables of one to two metres are the safest for high resolutions. Long runs can cause flickering or signal drop at 4K, so for runs of five metres or more look for cables designed for high bandwidth, or active versions.
USB-C and audio support. A USB-C port only carries video if it supports DisplayPort Alt Mode or Thunderbolt, so check the laptop's specifications. HDMI and DisplayPort carry sound as well as picture, whereas VGA carries picture only.
Brands and what to check on the label
- Certified HDMI cables: cables marked as High Speed or Ultra High Speed state which bandwidth class they are built for, which helps when matching a 4K or high refresh rate screen.
- DisplayPort cables: the version number, such as 1.2 or 1.4, is normally printed on the packaging and tells you the resolution and refresh rate it supports.
- USB-C adapters: the listing should state video output support and the maximum resolution, and some also add USB ports or charging pass-through.
- VGA and DVI products: these older standards still link older monitors and projectors, and adapters to HDMI are common for them.
The manufacturer is shown on each product page, so compare the stated standard, length and supported resolution rather than relying on the name alone.
Frequently asked questions
Which cable do I need for 4K at 60 Hz?
An HDMI 2.0 cable or a DisplayPort 1.2 cable (or newer) is enough for 4K at 60 Hz. Both your source and your screen must support that mode, and the port on the display must be set to the correct input. If you are unsure, a High Speed or Ultra High Speed HDMI cable is a safe choice.
Will a USB-C to HDMI adapter work with my laptop?
It works only if the USB-C port supports video output through DisplayPort Alt Mode or Thunderbolt. Some USB-C ports handle only data and charging. Check the laptop's specifications or the symbol next to the port before buying.
Is DisplayPort better than HDMI for a monitor?
Neither is better in every case. DisplayPort is common on computer monitors and graphics cards and often supports high refresh rates, while HDMI is the standard on TVs and consoles. Choose the one that both devices support at the version you need.
Does a VGA adapter carry sound?
No, VGA carries only an analogue picture signal. If you convert from HDMI or DisplayPort to VGA, sound needs a separate route, such as a 3.5 mm audio cable to speakers. Some adapters include an audio output for this purpose.
